SLVAE30E February   2021  – March 2021 TPS1H000-Q1 , TPS1H100-Q1 , TPS1H200A-Q1 , TPS1HA08-Q1 , TPS25200-Q1 , TPS27S100 , TPS2H000-Q1 , TPS2H160-Q1 , TPS2HB16-Q1 , TPS2HB35-Q1 , TPS2HB50-Q1 , TPS4H000-Q1 , TPS4H160-Q1

 

  1.   Trademarks
  2. 1Introduction
  3. 2Driving Resistive Loads
    1. 2.1 Background
    2. 2.2 Application Example
    3. 2.3 Why Use a Smart High Side Switch?
      1. 2.3.1 Accurate Current Sensing
      2. 2.3.2 Adjustable Current Limiting
    4. 2.4 Selecting the Right Smart High Side Switch
      1. 2.4.1 Power Dissipation Calculation
      2. 2.4.2 PWM and Switching Loss
  4. 3Driving Capacitive Loads
    1. 3.1 Background
    2. 3.2 Application Examples
    3. 3.3 Why Use a Smart High Side Switch?
      1. 3.3.1 Capacitive Load Charging
      2. 3.3.2 Inrush Current Mitigation
        1. 3.3.2.1 Capacitor Charging Time
      3. 3.3.3 Thermal Dissipation
      4. 3.3.4 Junction Temperature During Capacitive Inrush
      5. 3.3.5 Over Temperature Shutdown
      6. 3.3.6 Selecting the Correct Smart High Side Switch
  5. 4Driving Inductive Loads
    1. 4.1 Background
    2. 4.2 Application Examples
    3. 4.3 Why Use a Smart High Side Switch?
    4. 4.4 Turn-On Phase
    5. 4.5 Turn-Off Phase
      1. 4.5.1 Demagnetization Time
      2. 4.5.2 Instantaneous Power Losses During Demagnetization
      3. 4.5.3 Total Energy Dissipated During Demagnetization
      4. 4.5.4 Measurement Accuracy
      5. 4.5.5 Application Example
      6. 4.5.6 Calculations
      7. 4.5.7 Measurements
    6. 4.6 Selecting the Correct Smart High Side Switch
  6. 5Driving LED Loads
    1. 5.1 Background
    2. 5.2 Application Examples
    3. 5.3 LED Direct Drive
    4. 5.4 LED Modules
    5. 5.5 Why Use a Smart High Side Switch?
    6. 5.6 Open Load Detection
    7. 5.7 Load Current Sensing
    8. 5.8 Constant Current Source
      1. 5.8.1 Selecting the Correct Smart High Side Switch
  7. 6Appendix
    1. 6.1 Transient Thermal Impedance Data
    2. 6.2 Demagnitization Energy Capability Data
  8. 7References
  9. 8Revision History

4.5.3 Total Energy Dissipated During Demagnetization

During the switch off time, the demagnetization energy must be dissipated in the high side switch. In the absence of proper demagnetization the FET can be severely damaged and also can cause damage elsewhere in the system.

Selection of a high side switch can be determined once the demagnetization energy is well defined. The dissipated energy ED is calculated in Equation 45 by integrating the instantaneous power losses PD(t) over the demagnetization time TDEMAG.

Equation 45. GUID-20200811-CA0I-QSMP-XMLM-FF0NXBMDF3T2-low.png

Taking Equation 45 and Equation 44 together and solving the integration gives Equation 48.

Equation 46. GUID-20200811-CA0I-4JTQ-LS0S-3WCJ67QLTB0X-low.png
Equation 47. GUID-20200811-CA0I-LDF4-XWVH-MW0BBD16RBXV-low.png
Equation 48. GUID-20200811-CA0I-WZ4D-68TG-5DZF3MX2XTC6-low.png

Equation 48 allows us to calculate the inductive demagnetization energy during switch off.

In typical automotive and industrial applications where the nominal supply voltage VBAT are 12 V and 24 V respectively, the term in the natural logarithm is always less than one because the maximum R × I0 value is equal to VBAT, while VCLAMP will always be higher, with a typical nominal value of 60 V. This allows us to simplify Equation 48 into Equation 49.

Equation 49. GUID-20200811-CA0I-JKKN-QXQV-5VCWM0JNTZNN-low.png

The logarithmic term in Equation 49 can be converted to a polynomial by using the Taylor series in Equation 50.

Equation 50. GUID-20200811-CA0I-V3QZ-RTTF-CF1W1F4RBWCQ-low.png

This polynomial function has infinite terms but converges when x is less than 1. In industrial applications where VBAT = 24 V and VCLAMP = 60 V, Equation 51 calculates the values of the first few terms.

Equation 51. GUID-20200811-CA0I-0QFB-LGNL-S2KXXHNGZW9H-low.png

The signs of the terms in the Taylor series are alternating and decreasing. With estimation of less than 5% error, all terms after the second can be eliminated and Equation 49 can be simplified to Equation 54.

Equation 52. GUID-20200811-CA0I-3V8D-7FH9-JXFDXRS16PN6-low.png
Equation 53. GUID-20200811-CA0I-G5PB-1KXW-NVZXN5P15QTG-low.png
Equation 54. GUID-20200811-CA0I-4BQP-W7SS-FSFQL0LZNRXF-low.png

Equation 54 allows a designer to calculate the total demagnetization energy that must be dissipated with the high side switch during an inductive turn off event. This can be compared to the Smart High Side Switch demagnetization capabilities to determine if the device can dissipate the energy alone or if an external clamp must be used to safely demagnetize the inductive load.