SBAA478 January   2021 ADS7956-Q1

 

  1.   Trademarks
  2. 1Overview
  3. 2Functional Safety Failure In Time (FIT) Rates
  4. 3Failure Mode Distribution (FMD)
  5. 4Pin Failure Mode Analysis (Pin FMA)

Pin Failure Mode Analysis (Pin FMA)

This section provides a Failure Mode Analysis (FMA) for the pins of the ADS7956-Q1. The failure modes covered in this document include the typical pin-by-pin failure scenarios:

  • Pin short-circuited to Ground (see Table 4-2)
  • Pin open-circuited (see Table 4-3)
  • Pin short-circuited to an adjacent pin (see Table 4-4)
  • Pin short-circuited to supply (see Table 4-5)

Table 4-2 through Table 4-5 also indicate how these pin conditions can affect the device as per the failure effects classification in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1 TI Classification of Failure Effects
ClassFailure Effects
APotential device damage that affects functionality
BNo device damage, but loss of functionality
CNo device damage, but performance degradation
DNo device damage, no impact to functionality or performance

Figure 4-1 shows the ADS7956-Q1 pin diagram. For a detailed description of the device pins please refer to the Pin Configuration and Functions section in the ADS7956-Q1 data sheet.

GUID-20201018-CA0I-KTST-N82Z-4G4LZNRJDRXX-low.gif Figure 4-1 Pin Diagram

Following are the assumptions of use and the device configuration assumed for the pin FMA in this section:

  • +VA and +VBD use the same supply voltage.
  • AGND, REFM and BDGND use the same GND.
  • RC filters on every analog input, CHx. Series resistors are sized to limit the input currents into the analog inputs to <10mA in all circumstances, e.g. also in case device is unpowered and input signal is applied.

  • Device is the only slave on the SPI bus.
Table 4-2 Pin FMA for Device Pins Short-Circuited to Ground
Pin NamePin No.Description of Potential Failure Effect(s)Failure Effect Class
GPIO21GPIO2 configured as digital output: GPIO2 stuck low. Increase in supply current when GPIO2 tries to drive high. Device damage may be plausible.A
GPIO2 configured as digital input: GPIO2 stuck low. Readback value of GPIO2 will be 0b.B
GPIO32GPIO3 configured as digital output: GPIO3 stuck low. Increase in supply current when GPIO3 tries to drive high. Device damage may be plausible.A
GPIO3 configured as digital input: GPIO3 stuck low. Readback value of GPIO3 will be 0b.B
REFM3No effect. Normal operation.D
REFP4Reference voltage to the ADC will be 0 V as REFP = REFM = Ground. Incorrect conversion result for all channels. Conversion result for all channels will be close to 0x3FF.B
+VA5Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.A
AGND6No effect. Normal operation.D
MXO7Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x000. Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 will be connected to Ground through MXO. Increase in current sourced from the analog inputs. B
AINP8External amplifier used between MXO and AINP: Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x000. External amplifier's output will be connected to Ground.B
MXO directly connected to AINP: Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x000. Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 will be connected to Ground through MXO and there will be increase in current sourced from the external circuits driving the analog inputs.B
AINM9No effect. Normal operation.D
AGND10No effect. Normal operation.D
NC11No effect. Normal operation.D
NC12No effect. Normal operation.D
NC13No effect. Normal operation.D
NC14No effect. Normal operation. D
CH1115Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000.B
CH1016Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000.B
CH917Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000.B
CH818Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000.B
AGND19No effect. Normal operation.D
AGND 20 No effect. Normal operation. D
CH7 21 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH6 22 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH5 23 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH4 24 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH3 25 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH2 26 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH1 27 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000. B
CH028Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x000.B
+VA29Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.A
AGND30No effect. Normal operation.D
CS31CS stuck low. No SPI communication with the device possible.B
SCLK32SCLK stuck low. No SPI communication with the device possible.B
SDI33SDI stuck low. Device configuration cannot be modified. Device will remain in previously configured state until reset condition occurs. Device will remain in default configuration after power-up.B
SDO34SDO stuck low. No data readback possible from the device. Increase in supply current when device tries to drive SDO high. Device damage may be plausible. A
BDGND35No effect. Normal operation.D
+VBD36Digital interface not powered up. No SPI communication with device possible. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.A
GPIO037GPIO0 configured as digital output: GPIO0 stuck low. Increase in supply current when GPIO0 tries to drive high. Device damage may be plausible.A
GPIO0 configured as digital input: GPIO0 stuck low. Readback value of GPIO0 will be 0b.B
GPIO138GPIO1 configured as digital output: GPIO1 stuck low. Increase in supply current when GPIO1 tries to drive high. Device damage may be plausible.A
GPIO1 configured as digital input: GPIO1 stuck low. Readback value of GPIO1 will be 0b.B
Table 4-3 Pin FMA for Device Pins Open-Circuited
Pin Name Pin No. Description of Potential Failure Effect(s) Failure Effect Class
GPIO2 1 GPIO2 configured as digital output: No logic signaling between GPIO2 and external circuit possible. Otherwise normal operation. B
GPIO2 configured as digital input: Readback value of GPIO2 will be unknown. B
GPIO3 2 GPIO3 configured as digital output: No logic signaling between GPIO3 and external circuit possible. Otherwise normal operation. B
GPIO3 configured as digital input: Readback value of GPIO3 will be unknown. B
REFM 3 Incorrect conversion result for all channels. The ADC reference will connect to ground internally through REFM pin ESD diode. Increased gain error for all channels due to reference voltage drop across ESD diode. B
REFP 4 Incorrect and unknown conversion result for all channels. Unknown reference voltage to the ADC. The reference circuit may power-up through internal circuit to Power. B
+VA 5 Device functionality unknown. Device unpowered and not functional if all external analog pins are held low. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.
Device may power up through internal ESD diodes to +VA if voltages above the device's power-on reset threshold are present on any of the analog pins.
A
AGND 6 Device functionality unknown. Device may be unpowered or connect to ground internally through alternate pin ESD diode and power up. B
MXO 7 External amplifier used between MXO and AINP: Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 cannot be connected to the external amplifier's input. Conversion results for all channels will depend on the output voltage of the amplifier driving AINP. B
MXO directly connected to AINP: Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 cannot be connected to the ADC's input. Conversion results for all channels will be unknown. B
AINP 8 Conversion results for all channels will be unknown. B
AINM 9 Conversion results for all channels will be unknown. B
AGND 10 Device functionality unknown. Device may be unpowered or connect to ground internally through alternate pin ESD diode and power up. B
NC 11 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 12 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 13 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 14 No effect. Normal operation. D
CH11 15 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH10 16 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH9 17 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH8 18 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
AGND 19 Device functionality unknown. Device may be unpowered or connect to ground internally through alternate pin ESD diode and power up. B
AGND 20 Device functionality unknown. Device may be unpowered or connect to ground internally through alternate pin ESD diode and power up. B
CH7 21 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH6 22 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH5 23 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH4 24 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH3 25 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH2 26 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH1 27 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
CH0 28 Conversion result for this analog input channel will be unknown. B
+VA 29 Device functionality unknown. Device unpowered and not functional if all external analog pins are held low. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.
Device may power up through internal ESD diodes to +VA if voltages above the device's power-on reset threshold are present on any of the analog pins.
A
AGND 30 Device functionality unknown. Device may be unpowered or connect to ground internally through alternate pin ESD diode and power up. B
CS 31 State of CS undetermined. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
SCLK 32 State of SCLK undetermined. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
SDI 33 State of SDI undetermined. Device configuration cannot be modified. Device will remain in previously configured state until reset condition occurs. Device will remain in default configuration after power-up. B
SDO 34 No data readback possible from the device. B
BDGND 35 Device functionality unknown. Digital interface may be unpowered or power up internally through alternate pin ESD diode to Ground. SPI communication may not be possible with the device. B
+VBD 36 Digital interface not powered up if all external digital pins are held low. No SPI communication with device possible. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible.
Digital interface may power up through internal ESD diodes to DVDD if voltages above the device's power-on reset threshold are present on any of the digital pins.
A
GPIO0 37 GPIO0 configured as digital output: No logic signaling between GPIO0 and external circuit possible. Otherwise normal operation. B
GPIO0 configured as digital input: Readback value of GPIO0 will be unknown. B
GPIO1 38 GPIO1 configured as digital output: No logic signaling between GPIO1 and external circuit possible. Otherwise normal operation. B
GPIO1 configured as digital input: Readback value of GPIO1 will be unknown. B
Table 4-4 Pin FMA for Device Pins Short-Circuited to Adjacent Pin
Pin Name Pin No. Shorted to Description of Potential Failure Effect(s) Failure Effect Class
GPIO2 1 GPIO3 GPIO2 configured as digital output and GPIO3 as digital output: Output voltage level unknown. Increase in supply current when GPIO2 tries to drive low and GPIO3 tries to drive high and vice versa. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO2 configured as digital output and GPIO3 as digital input: Readback value of GPIO3 will depend on the output drive on GPIO2. B
GPIO2 configured as digital input and GPIO3 as digital output: Readback value of GPIO2 will depend on the output drive on GPIO3. B
GPIO2 configured as digital input and GPIO3 as digital input: Readback value of GPIO2 and GPIO3 will be the same. B
GPIO3 2 REFM GPIO3 configured as digital output: GPIO3 stuck low. Increase in supply current when GPIO3 tries to drive high. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO3 configured as digital input: GPIO3 stuck low. Readback value of GPIO3 will be 0b. B
REFM 3 REFP Incorrect conversion result for all channels. Conversion result will be close to 0x3FF for all channels. Reference voltage to the ADC will be 0 V as REFP = REFM = Ground. B
REFP 4 +VA Incorrect conversion result for all channels. Higher gain error for all channels because reference to the ADC is different from the intended REFP voltage. Reference voltage out of specification in case +VA > 3 V. B
+VA 5 AGND Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
AGND 6 MXO Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x000. Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 will be connected to Ground through MXO. Increase in current sourced from the analog inputs. B
MXO 7 AINP External amplifier used between MXO and AINP: The external amplifier is bypassed. Increased gain error in conversion results if the external amplifier is configured for gain > 1. Conversion results for all channels may have higher error if there are ADC input settling errors when driving AINP directly with MXO. B
MXO directly connected to AINP: No effect. Normal operation. D
AINP 8 AINM Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x000. B
AINM 9 AGND No effect. Normal operation. D
AGND 10 NC No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 11 NC No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 12 NC No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 13 NC No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 14 CH11 No effect. Normal operation. D
CH11 15 CH10 Conversion results for CH11 and CH10 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH10 16 CH9 Conversion results for CH10 and CH9 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH9 17 CH8 Conversion results for CH9 and CH8 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH8 18 AGND Conversion results for CH2 and CH1 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
AGND 19 – Not considered. Corner pin. –
AGND 20 CH7 Conversion result for CH7 will be close to 0x000. B
CH7 21 CH6 Conversion results for CH7 and CH6 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH6 22 CH5 Conversion results for CH6 and CH5 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH5 23 CH4 Conversion results for CH5 and CH4 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH4 24 CH3 Conversion results for CH4 and CH3 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH3 25 CH2 Conversion results for CH3 and CH2 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH2 26 CH1 Conversion results for CH2 and CH1 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH1 27 CH0 Conversion results for CH1 and CH0 will be the same. The conversion results may be incorrect depending on the external drive circuits. B
CH0 28 +VA Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023. B
+VA 29 AGND Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
AGND 30 CS CS stuck low. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
CS 31 SCLK SPI communication corrupted. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
SCLK 32 SDI SPI communication corrupted. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
SDI 33 SDO SPI communication corrupted. No SPI communication with the device possible.
Increase in supply current when host tries to drive SDI low while device tries to drive SDO high and vice versa. Device damage may be plausible.
A
SDO 34 BDGND SDO stuck low. No data readback possible from the device. Increase in supply current when device tries to drive SDO high. Device damage may be plausible. A
BDGND 35 +VBD Digital interface not powered up. No SPI communication with device possible. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
+VBD 36 GPIO0 GPIO0 configured as digital output: GPIO0 stuck high. Increase in supply current when GPIO0 tries to drive low. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO0 configured as digital input: GPIO0 stuck high. Readback value of GPIO0 will be 1b. B
GPIO0 37 GPIO1 GPIO0 configured as digital output and GPIO1 as digital output: Increase in supply current when GPIO0 tries to drive low and GPIO1 tries to drive high and vice versa. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO0 configured as digital output and GPIO1 as digital input: Readback value of GPIO1 will depend on the output drive on GPIO0. B
GPIO0 configured as digital input and GPIO1 as digital output: Readback value of GPIO0 will depend on the output drive on GPIO1. B
GPIO0 configured as digital input and GPIO1 as digital input: Readback value of GPIO0 and GPIO1 will be the same. B
GPIO1 38 – Not considered. Corner pin. –
Table 4-5 Pin FMA for Device Pins Short-Circuited to supply
Pin Name Pin No. Description of Potential Failure Effect(s) Failure Effect Class
GPIO2 1 GPIO2 configured as digital output: GPIO2 stuck high. Increase in supply current when GPIO2 tries to drive low. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO2 configured as digital input: GPIO2 stuck high. Readback value of GPIO2 will be 1b. B
GPIO3 2 GPIO3 configured as digital output: GPIO3 stuck high. Increase in supply current when GPIO3 tries to drive low. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO3 configured as digital input: GPIO3 stuck high. Readback value of GPIO3 will be 1b. B
REFM 3 Incorrect conversion result for all channels. The ADC reference will connect to ground internally through REFM pin ESD diode. Increased gain error for all channels due to reference voltage drop across ESD diode. Increase in supply current through ESD to Ground from REFM pin. Device damage may be plausible. A
REFP 4 Incorrect conversion result for all channels. Higher gain error for all channels because reference to the ADC is different from the intended REFP voltage. Reference voltage out of specification in case +VA > 3 V. B
+VA 5 No effect. Normal operation. D
AGND 6 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
MXO 7 Multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 will be connected to Power through MXO. Increase in current sinked by the external circuits driving the analog inputs.
  • Device configured for range 1: Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x3FF.
  • Device configured for range 2: Conversion results for all channels will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
B
AINP 8 If MXO is directly connected to AINP, multiplexer's analog inputs CH11-CH0 will be connected to Power through MXO and there will be increase in current sinked by the external circuits driving the analog inputs.
  • Device configured for range 1: Conversion results for all channels will be close to 0x3FF.
  • Device configured for range 2: Conversion results for all channels will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
B
AINM 9 Conversion result for all channels will be close to 0x000. B
AGND 10 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
NC 11 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 12 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 13 No effect. Normal operation. D
NC 14 No effect. Normal operation. D
CH11 15 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH10 16 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH9 17 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH8 18 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
AGND 19 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
AGND 20 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
CH7 21 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH6 22 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH5 23 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH4 24 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH3 25 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH2 26 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH1 27 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
CH0 28 Device configured for range 1: Conversion result for this analog input channel will be close to 0x3FF. B
Device configured for range 2: Conversion result for this analog input channel will correspond to (+VA / (2xVREF)) * 1023.
+VA 29 No effect. Normal operation. D
AGND 30 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
CS 31 CS stuck high. No SPI communication with the device possible. SDO will be Hi-Z. B
SCLK 32 SCLK stuck high. No SPI communication with the device possible. B
SDI 33 SDI stuck high. Device configuration cannot be modified. Device will remain in previously configured state until reset condition occurs. Device will remain in default configuration after power-up. B
SDO 34 SDO stuck high. No data readback possible from the device. Increase in supply current when device tries to drive SDO low. Device damage may be plausible. A
BDGND 35 Device unpowered and not functional. Observe that the absolute maximum ratings for all pins of the device are met, otherwise device damage may be plausible. A
+VBD 36 No effect. Normal operation. D
GPIO0 37 GPIO0 configured as digital output: GPIO0 stuck high. Increase in supply current when GPIO2 tries to drive low. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO0 configured as digital input: GPIO0 stuck high. Readback value of GPIO0 will be 1b. B
GPIO1 38 GPIO1 configured as digital output: GPIO1 stuck high. Increase in supply current when GPIO1 tries to drive low. Device damage may be plausible. A
GPIO1 configured as digital input: GPIO1 stuck high. Readback value of GPIO1 will be 1b. B