During this third section, we will talk about how does TI circuit protection fit into the USB building blocks? USB ports are found across different locations in the car. Most common places to find them are head units, the glove compartment, the armrest, the rear seats, and telematics. One thing to keep in mind is that there are several internal USB ports that are used for communication purposes back to the head unit.

These internal USB ports are likely to be subjected to OVP events generated by the vehicle battery. One quick example, as we mentioned on previous slides, is a technician working on a vehicle during assembly or maintenance and shorting the USB lines by using a screwdriver. Also, it's important to note that internal USB ports do not require a charging controller since these are used mainly for communication purposes only. For external USB ports, BC1.2 charging controller is still dominant in automotive in order to be able to support legacy USB consumer devices.

System Description. This system is a typical example of a single USB Type-C hub from a head unit to provide OTG connectivity required for phone flip. The smart phone becomes the host of the system, typically running a dedicated app on the head unit while allowing connectivity to other USB based devices on the hub. This design showcases short-to-VBUS and short-to-battery protection building blocks, Type-C capability, USB 2.0 data in addition to 3.0 data speeds communications or connections, and 2.1 amps and 3.5 amps of charge for smart phones.

The specific building blocks are showing to support typical protection requirements, such as reverse battery protection, current limiting, short-to-battery protection, short-to-VBUS protection-- as well as electrostatic discharge, or ESD, protection. Highlighted on this slide is a typical multi-port Type-C hub. As far as the protection building blocks, you should keep in mind some common requirements. Sufficient D+ and D- bandwidth is key to ensure optimal signal integrity performance, which means selecting devices with low enough capacitance switches.

480 megabits per second is a standard now, but 5 gigabits per second all the way to 10 gigabits per second is the future, with some OE amps requesting this functionality today. Sufficient system level ESD protection is also important. Common request is 8 kb contact and 15 kb [INAUDIBLE] both IEC and ISO standards. ESD needs to be short-to-battery tolerant, 18 volts rated, and low cap on D+ and D-.

Lastly, VBUS short-to-ground protection is also key since poor short-to-ground protection can allow substantial amounts of current through and burn out the upstream 5 volt rail. USB Type-C short-to-VBUS, short-to-battery plus ESD solution. This is a typical functional block diagram for protection of one pin. The first building block is an integrated dead battery resistor for sink applications.

The second building block is the connector side clamp, which is designed to limit the maximum transient voltage to less than 35 volts for 4 meters to 0 meters of USB Type-C cable. This clamping structure protects against ESD and delays the short-to-VBUS rise time. The third building block is an OVP FET, which is designed to handle 30 volts DC and up to 35 volts transients. Additionally, this OVP FET shuts off in about 70 nanoseconds to limit the event the PD controllers sees to HBM ESD level.

The last building block is the system side clamp, which adds an extra layer of protection for transients that pass through the connector side clamp and OVP FETs. TI's circuit protection portfolio is designed to protect processors, transceivers, controllers, and any downstream circuitry in case of transient events. During an ESD strike, that TPD6S300 family provides IEC61000-4-2 level 4 protection on CC, SBU, and D+ and D- lines.

Due to the number of failure mechanisms or use cases discussed earlier in this training, TI saw an opportunity for providing OVP protection on the different Type-C lines. In order to protect against short-to-VBUS and short-to-battery events, the TPD6S300 family provides overvoltage protection up to 24 volts on CC and SBU lines. In case the SBU lines are not needed for the application, TI has designed the OVP FETs with high enough bandwidth to be able to repurpose those FETs for D+ and D- protection instead.

Shown here is an alternate use case for non-SBU applications where the TPD6S300 family provides OVP and ESD protection on CC1, CC2, D+, and D- lines. For automotive USB 2.0 short-to-battery protection, TI has developed the TIDA-00845 reference design, which is an automotive USB 2.0 hub with short-to-battery and short circuit protection. It's a fully functional USB hub with built-in short-to-battery test simulator.

It supports USB 2.0 high speed data rates, short-to-battery protection up to 18 volts on VBUS, D+, and D-, short-to-ground protection on the VBUS line, overcurrent protection current limit of 550 milliamps min, and IEC and ISO system level ESD protection at each pin-- VBUS, D+, and D-. Some of the most important benefits for this solution are 20 times faster response time to short-to-battery event than competition, two times higher bandwidth on USB D+ and D- lines to its nearest competitor, and true current limit which prevents 5 volts droop and avoids brownout or RESET conditions as seen by the competition.

Also, for automotive USB 2.0 short-to-battery protection, TI has developed the TIDA-00887, which is an automotive 2.4 amps, dual port USB hub reference design. It's a fully functional USB 2.0 hub with short-to-battery protection and BC1.2 charge detection that supports USB 2.0 high speed data rates. It provides an adjustable overcurrent protection current limit of up to 2.4 amps. And some of the most important benefits from this design are the flow through layout for data integrity, the accurate adjustable current limit up to 2.4 amps, as well as providing 2 times higher bandwidth on USB D+ and D- lines to its nearest competitor, and 20 times faster response time to overvoltage events when compared to its nearest competitor as well.