SPRA953D December   2003  – March 2024 CSD13201W10 , CSD13202Q2 , CSD13302W , CSD13303W1015 , CSD13306W , CSD13380F3 , CSD13381F4 , CSD13383F4 , CSD13385F5 , CSD15380F3 , CSD15571Q2 , CSD16301Q2 , CSD16321Q5 , CSD16322Q5 , CSD16323Q3 , CSD16325Q5 , CSD16327Q3 , CSD16340Q3 , CSD16342Q5A , CSD16401Q5 , CSD16403Q5A , CSD16404Q5A , CSD16406Q3 , CSD16407Q5 , CSD16408Q5 , CSD16409Q3 , CSD16410Q5A , CSD16411Q3 , CSD16412Q5A , CSD16413Q5A , CSD16414Q5 , CSD16415Q5 , CSD16556Q5B , CSD16570Q5B , CSD17301Q5A , CSD17302Q5A , CSD17303Q5 , CSD17304Q3 , CSD17305Q5A , CSD17306Q5A , CSD17307Q5A , CSD17308Q3 , CSD17309Q3 , CSD17310Q5A , CSD17311Q5 , CSD17312Q5 , CSD17313Q2 , CSD17318Q2 , CSD17322Q5A , CSD17327Q5A , CSD17381F4 , CSD17382F4 , CSD17483F4 , CSD17484F4 , CSD17501Q5A , CSD17505Q5A , CSD17506Q5A , CSD17507Q5A , CSD17510Q5A , CSD17522Q5A , CSD17527Q5A , CSD17551Q3A , CSD17551Q5A , CSD17552Q3A , CSD17552Q5A , CSD17553Q5A , CSD17555Q5A , CSD17556Q5B , CSD17559Q5 , CSD17570Q5B , CSD17571Q2 , CSD17573Q5B , CSD17575Q3 , CSD17576Q5B , CSD17577Q3A , CSD17577Q5A , CSD17578Q3A , CSD17578Q5A , CSD17579Q3A , CSD17579Q5A , CSD17581Q3A , CSD17581Q5A , CSD17585F5 , CSD18501Q5A , CSD18502KCS , CSD18502Q5B , CSD18503KCS , CSD18503Q5A , CSD18504KCS , CSD18504Q5A , CSD18509Q5B , CSD18510KCS , CSD18510KTT , CSD18510Q5B , CSD18511KCS , CSD18511KTT , CSD18511Q5A , CSD18512Q5B , CSD18513Q5A , CSD18514Q5A , CSD18531Q5A , CSD18532KCS , CSD18532NQ5B , CSD18532Q5B , CSD18533KCS , CSD18533Q5A , CSD18534KCS , CSD18534Q5A , CSD18535KCS , CSD18535KTT , CSD18536KCS , CSD18536KTT , CSD18537NKCS , CSD18537NQ5A , CSD18540Q5B , CSD18541F5 , CSD18542KCS , CSD18542KTT , CSD18543Q3A , CSD18563Q5A , CSD19501KCS , CSD19502Q5B , CSD19503KCS , CSD19505KCS , CSD19505KTT , CSD19506KCS , CSD19506KTT , CSD19531KCS , CSD19531Q5A , CSD19532KTT , CSD19532Q5B , CSD19533KCS , CSD19533Q5A , CSD19534KCS , CSD19534Q5A , CSD19535KCS , CSD19535KTT , CSD19536KCS , CSD19536KTT , CSD19537Q3 , CSD19538Q2 , CSD19538Q3A , CSD22202W15 , CSD22204W , CSD22205L , CSD22206W , CSD23202W10 , CSD23203W , CSD23280F3 , CSD23285F5 , CSD23381F4 , CSD23382F4 , CSD25202W15 , CSD25211W1015 , CSD25213W10 , CSD25304W1015 , CSD25310Q2 , CSD25402Q3A , CSD25404Q3 , CSD25480F3 , CSD25481F4 , CSD25483F4 , CSD25484F4 , CSD25485F5 , CSD25501F3 , CSD75207W15 , CSD75208W1015 , CSD83325L , CSD85301Q2 , CSD85302L , CSD85312Q3E , CSD86311W1723 , CSD86330Q3D , CSD86336Q3D , CSD86350Q5D , CSD86356Q5D , CSD86360Q5D , CSD87312Q3E , CSD87313DMS , CSD87330Q3D , CSD87331Q3D , CSD87333Q3D , CSD87334Q3D , CSD87335Q3D , CSD87350Q5D , CSD87351Q5D , CSD87351ZQ5D , CSD87352Q5D , CSD87353Q5D , CSD87355Q5D , CSD87381P , CSD87384M , CSD87501L , CSD87502Q2 , CSD87503Q3E , CSD87588N , CSD88537ND , CSD88539ND , CSD88584Q5DC , CSD88599Q5DC , DS90UH940N-Q1 , LM22670 , LM22671 , LM22671-Q1 , LM22672 , LM22672-Q1 , LM22673 , LM22673-Q1 , LM22674 , LM22674-Q1 , LM22675 , LM22675-Q1 , LM22676 , LM22676-Q1 , LM22677 , LM22677-Q1 , LM22678 , LM22678-Q1 , LM22679 , LM22679-Q1 , LM22680 , LM22680-Q1 , LM25574 , LM25574-Q1 , LM25575 , LM25575-Q1 , LM25576 , LM25576-Q1 , LM2574 , LM2574HV , LM2575 , LM2575HV , LM2576 , LM2576HV , LM2577 , LM2585 , LM2586 , LM2587 , LM2588 , LM2590HV , LM2591HV , LM2592HV , LM2593HV , LM2594 , LM2594HV , LM2595 , LM2596 , LM2597 , LM2597HV , LM2598 , LM2599 , LM2670 , LM2671 , LM2672 , LM2673 , LM2674 , LM2675 , LM2676 , LM2677 , LM2678 , LM2679 , LM2698 , LM2736 , LM2840 , LM2840-Q1 , LM2841 , LM2841-Q1 , LM2842 , LM2842-Q1 , LM3100 , LM3102 , LM3102-Q1 , LM3103 , LM3691 , LM43600 , LM43601 , LM43602 , LM43603 , LM46000 , LM46001 , LM46002 , LM5574 , LM5574-Q1 , LM5575 , LM5575-Q1 , LM5576 , LM5576-Q1 , LMR10510 , LMR10515 , LMR10520 , LMR10530 , LMR12007 , LMR12010 , LMR12015 , LMR12020 , LMR14203 , LMR14206 , LMR16006 , LMR24210 , LMR24220 , LMR61428 , LMR62421 , LMR64010 , LMR70503 , SN74SSQE32882 , SN74SSQEA32882 , TMS320C28341 , TMS320C28342 , TMS320C28343 , TMS320C28343-Q1 , TMS320C28344 , TMS320C28345 , TMS320C28346 , TMS320C28346-Q1 , TMS320F280021 , TMS320F280021-Q1 , TMS320F280023 , TMS320F280023-Q1 , TMS320F280023C , TMS320F280025 , TMS320F280025-Q1 , TMS320F280025C , TMS320F280025C-Q1 , TMS320F280040-Q1 , TMS320F280040C-Q1 , TMS320F280041 , TMS320F280041-Q1 , TMS320F280041C , TMS320F280041C-Q1 , TMS320F280045 , TMS320F280048-Q1 , TMS320F280048C-Q1 , TMS320F280049 , TMS320F280049-Q1 , TMS320F280049C , TMS320F280049C-Q1 , TMS320F2801 , TMS320F2801-Q1 , TMS320F2802-Q1 , TMS320F28020 , TMS320F28021 , TMS320F28022 , TMS320F28022-Q1 , TMS320F28023 , TMS320F28023-Q1 , TMS320F28026 , TMS320F28026-Q1 , TMS320F28026F , TMS320F28027 , TMS320F28027-Q1 , TMS320F28027F , TMS320F28027F-Q1 , TMS320F28030 , TMS320F28030-Q1 , TMS320F28031 , TMS320F28031-Q1 , TMS320F28032 , TMS320F28032-Q1 , TMS320F28033 , TMS320F28033-Q1 , TMS320F28034 , TMS320F28034-Q1 , TMS320F28035 , TMS320F28035-Q1 , TMS320F28050 , TMS320F28051 , TMS320F28052 , TMS320F28052-Q1 , TMS320F28052F , TMS320F28052F-Q1 , TMS320F28052M , TMS320F28052M-Q1 , TMS320F28053 , TMS320F28054 , TMS320F28054-Q1 , TMS320F28054F , TMS320F28054F-Q1 , TMS320F28054M , TMS320F28054M-Q1 , TMS320F28055 , TMS320F2806 , TMS320F2806-Q1 , TMS320F28062 , TMS320F28062-Q1 , TMS320F28062F , TMS320F28062F-Q1 , TMS320F28063 , TMS320F28064 , TMS320F28065 , TMS320F28066 , TMS320F28066-Q1 , TMS320F28067 , TMS320F28067-Q1 , TMS320F28068F , TMS320F28068M , TMS320F28069 , TMS320F28069-Q1 , TMS320F28069F , TMS320F28069F-Q1 , TMS320F28069M , TMS320F28069M-Q1 , TMS320F28075 , TMS320F28075-Q1 , TMS320F2808 , TMS320F2808-Q1 , TMS320F2810 , TMS320F2810-Q1 , TMS320F2811 , TMS320F2811-Q1 , TMS320F2812 , TMS320F2812-Q1 , TMS320F28232 , TMS320F28232-Q1 , TMS320F28234 , TMS320F28234-Q1 , TMS320F28235 , TMS320F28235-Q1 , TMS320F28332 , TMS320F28333 , TMS320F28334 , TMS320F28335 , TMS320F28335-Q1 , TMS320F28374D , TMS320F28374S , TMS320F28375D , TMS320F28375S , TMS320F28375S-Q1 , TMS320F28376D , TMS320F28376S , TMS320F28377D , TMS320F28377D-Q1 , TMS320F28377S , TMS320F28377S-Q1 , TMS320F28379D , TMS320F28379D-Q1 , TMS320F28379S , TMS320LF2401A , TMS320LF2402A , TMS320LF2403A , TMS320LF2406A , TMS320LF2407A , TPS54020 , TPS54218 , TPS54318 , TPS54320 , TPS54418 , TPS54478 , TPS54618 , TPS54622 , TPS54623 , TPS54678 , TPS56121 , TPS56221

 

  1.   1
  2.   Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1RθJA Junction-to-Ambient and RθJMA Junction-to-Moving Air
    1. 1.1 Usage
    2. 1.2 Test Card Impact
    3. 1.3 Die Size Impact
    4. 1.4 Internal Package Geometrical Configuration
    5. 1.5 Altitude
    6. 1.6 Ambient Temperature
    7. 1.7 Power Dissipation
    8. 1.8 RθJA Effective
  5. 2RθJC Junction-to-Case
    1. 2.1 Copper (Cu) Cold Plate RθJC Measurement
    2. 2.2 RθJC Application
    3. 2.3 Rθ(CS)
    4. 2.4 RθJC(top) and RθJC(bot)
  6. 3ΨJT, Junction to Top of Package
    1. 3.1 Case Temperature Measurement
    2. 3.2 ΨJT vs RθJC When Using Heat Sinks
  7. 4Rθ(JB) Junction-To-Board
    1. 4.1 Rθ(JB) Measurement Method
  8. 5ΨJB Junction-to-Board Characterization Parameter
    1. 5.1 ΨJB Application
  9. 6Industrial and Commercial Temperature Ranges
  10. 7Miscellaneous Definitions
  11. 8References
  12. 9Revision History

3 ΨJT, Junction to Top of Package

In an attempt to provide the user community with a thermal metric to estimate in-use junction temperatures from measured case temperatures, a new thermal metric, ΨJT, has been adopted by the industry (JESD51-2). The metric is defined by the Greek character psi (Ψ) rather than theta (θ) because ΨJT is not a true thermal resistance.

The measurement procedure for ΨJT is summarized from JESD 51-2 as follows:

  1. Mount a test package, usually containing a thermal test die, on a test board.
  2. Glue a fine gauge thermocouple wire (36 gauge or smaller) to top center of package.
  3. Dress the thermocouple wire along package to minimize heat sinking nature of thermocouple.
  4. Dissipate power in test die.
  5. Measure the test die junction temperature and thermocouple temperature.
  6. Divide the thermal gradient between the junction temperature and surface temperature by the dissipated power.

Why is ΨJT not a true thermal resistance? In the above procedure, the heat energy generated by the test die is allowed to flow normally along preferential thermal conduction paths. The quantity of heat flowing from the die to the top of the package is actually unknown in the measurement, but is assumed to be the total power of the device for the purposes of ΨJT calculation. Clearly, this assumption is invalid, but when calculated this way, ΨJT becomes a very useful number because the experimental configuration is much like the application environment of the IC package. As such, the amount of energy flowing from the die to the top of the package during test is similar to the partitioning of the energy flow in an application environment. In comparison to Equation 4, the actual junction temperature can be very closely estimated using Equation 8:

Equation 8. GUID-B9F98A91-4E7C-4AE2-832E-9CFC277364BD-low.gif

For plastic packages, ΨJT is typically 0.5°C/W–2°C/W compared to RθJC values of 4°C/W–15°C/W. Thinner packages have smaller ΨJT values than thicker packages. Packages with embedded heat slugs have ΨJT values close to zero. You should be aware that ΨJT varies with both board construction and air flow conditions as shown in Table 3-1. The values in Table 3-1 were obtained through modeling.

Table 3-1 ΨJT for Typical 128-Pin TQFP Package(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)
DIE PAD PCB TYPE(9) AIR FLOW (LFM) ΨJT
Exposed 1s0p 0 0.22
Exposed(10) 2s2p 0 0.09
Non-exposed 1s0p(11) 0 0.13
Non-exposed 2s2p(11) 0 0.09
Exposed 1s0p 250 0.47
Exposed 2s2p 250 0.18
Non-exposed 1s0p 250 0.31
Non-exposed 2s2p 250 0.23
(1) Size, type, pin: 14 mm × 14 mm × 1.1 mm, TQFP, 128
(2) Die size: 8.4 mm × 8.3 mm
(3) Die thickness: 0.31 mm for exposed pad; 0.28 mm for non-exposed
(4) Die pad size: 10.5 mm × 9.2 mm × 0.15 mm
(5) Die attach impedance: 5.77°C-mm2/W
(6) Mold compound thermal conductivity: 0.9 W/m-K
(7) Ambient temperature: 25°C
(8) Power dissipation: 1 W
(9) Size: 114.3 mm × 76.2 mm × 1.6 mm
(10) Thermal vias: 9 × 9 connecting die pad to ground plane (only for 2s2p PCB with exposed pad)
(11) Type: JEDEC high-k (2s2p) and low-k (1s0p) as defined in JESD 51-7 and JESD 51-3, respectively