SLVSB19D February   2012  – March 2015 DRV8834

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Simplified Schematic
  5. 5 Revision History
  6. 6 Pin Configuration and Functions
  7. 7 Specifications
    1. 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 7.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 7.4 Thermal Information
    5. 7.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 7.6 Timing Requirements
    7. 7.7 Typical Characteristics
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 Current Control
      2. 8.3.2 Current Recirculation and Decay Modes
      3. 8.3.3 Protection Circuits
        1. 8.3.3.1 Overcurrent Protection (OCP)
        2. 8.3.3.2 Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
        3. 8.3.3.3 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Phase/Enable Mode
      2. 8.4.2 Indexer Mode
      3. 8.4.3 nSLEEP Operation
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
      1. 9.1.1 Sense Resistor
    2. 9.2 Typical Application
      1. 9.2.1 Phase/Enable Mode Driving Two DC Motors
        1. 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.1.2.1 Motor Voltage
          2. 9.2.1.2.2 Power Dissipation
          3. 9.2.1.2.3 Motor Current Trip Point
        3. 9.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 9.2.2 Phase/Enable Mode Driving a Stepper Motor
        1. 9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.2.2.1 Stepper Motor Speed
          2. 9.2.2.2.2 Current Regulation
          3. 9.2.2.2.3 Decay Modes
        3. 9.2.2.3 Application Curves
      3. 9.2.3 Indexer Mode Driving a Stepper Motor
        1. 9.2.3.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.3.2 Detailed Design Procedures
          1. 9.2.3.2.1 Stepper Motor Speed
          2. 9.2.3.2.2 Current Regulation
          3. 9.2.3.2.3 Decay Modes
        3. 9.2.3.3 Application Curves
      4. 9.2.4 High-Resolution Microstepping Using a Microcontroller to Modulate VREF Signals
        1. 9.2.4.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.4.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.4.3 Application Curves
  10. 10Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 10.1 Bulk Capacitance
  11. 11Layout
    1. 11.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 11.2 Layout Example
    3. 11.3 Thermal Considerations
      1. 11.3.1 Maximum Output Current
      2. 11.3.2 Thermal Protection
      3. 11.3.3 Power Dissipation
      4. 11.3.4 Heatsinking
  12. 12Device and Documentation Support
    1. 12.1 Documentation Support
      1. 12.1.1 Related Documentation
    2. 12.2 Trademarks
    3. 12.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    4. 12.4 Glossary
  13. 13Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

11 Layout

11.1 Layout Guidelines

The VM pin should be bypassed to GND using low-ESR ceramic bypass capacitors with a recommended value of 0.01-μF rated for VM. This capacitor should be placed as close to the VM pin as possible with a thick trace or ground plane connection to the device GND pin. The VM pin must be bypassed to ground using an appropriate bulk capacitor. This component may be an electrolytic and should be located close to the DRV8834. A low-ESR ceramic capacitor must be placed in between the VM and VCP pins. TI recommends a value of 0.01- μF rated for 16 V. Place this component as close to the pins as possible.

Bypass VINT to ground with a 2.2-μF ceramic capacitor rated 6.3 V. Place this bypass capacitor as close to the pin as possible.

11.2 Layout Example

DRV8834 bd_drv8834_slvsb19.gifFigure 24. Recommended Layout

11.3 Thermal Considerations

11.3.1 Maximum Output Current

In actual operation, the maximum output current achievable with a motor driver is a function of die temperature. This in turn is greatly affected by ambient temperature and PCB design. Basically, the maximum motor current will be the amount of current that results in a power dissipation level that, along with the thermal resistance of the package and PCB, keeps the die at a low enough temperature to stay out of thermal shutdown.

The thermal data given in the data sheet can be used as a guide to calculate the approximate maximum power dissipation that can be expected to be possible without entering thermal shutdown for several different PCB constructions. However, for accurate data, the actual PCB design must be analyzed via measurement or thermal simulation.

11.3.2 Thermal Protection

The DRV8834 has thermal shutdown (TSD) as described above. If the die temperature exceeds approximately 160°C, the device will be disabled until the temperature drops to a safe level.

Any tendency of the device to enter thermal shutdown is an indication of either excessive power dissipation, insufficient heatsinking, or too high an ambient temperature.

11.3.3 Power Dissipation

Power dissipation in the DRV8834 is dominated by the DC power dissipated in the output FET resistance, or RDS(ON). There is additional power dissipated due to PWM switching losses, which are dependent on PWM frequency, rise and fall times, and VM supply voltages. These switching losses are typically on the order of 10% to 20% of the DC power dissipation.

The DC power dissipation of one H-bridge can be roughly estimated by Equation 5.

Equation 5. DRV8834 eq2_ptot_lvsar1.gif

where PTOT is the total power dissipation, HS - RDS(ON) is the resistance of the high side FET, LS - RDS(ON) is the resistance of the low side FET, and IOUT(RMS) is the RMS output current being applied to the motor.

RDS(ON) increases with temperature, so as the device heats, the power dissipation increases. This must be taken into consideration when sizing the heatsink.

11.3.4 Heatsinking

The PowerPAD™ package uses an exposed pad to remove heat from the device. For proper operation, this pad must be thermally connected to copper on the PCB to dissipate heat. On a multi-layer PCB with a ground plane, this can be accomplished by adding a number of vias to connect the thermal pad to the ground plane. On PCBs without internal planes, copper area can be added on either side of the PCB to dissipate heat. If the copper area is on the opposite side of the PCB from the device, thermal vias are used to transfer the heat between top and bottom layers.

For details about how to design the PCB, refer to TI application report, PowerPAD™ Thermally Enhanced Package(SLMA002), and TI application brief, PowerPAD™ Made Easy (SLMA004), available at www.ti.com.

In general, the more copper area that can be provided, the more power can be dissipated.