SLOS417D October   2003  – November 2015 TPA2010D1

PRODUCTION DATA.  

  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Device Comparison Table
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Operating Characteristics
    7. 6.7 Dissipation Ratings
    8. 6.8 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Parameter Measurement Information
  8. 8 Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 Fully Differential Amplifier
      2. 8.3.2 Advantages of Fully Differential Amplifiers
      3. 8.3.3 Efficiency and Thermal Information
      4. 8.3.4 Eliminating the Output Filter With the TPA2010D1
        1. 8.3.4.1 Effect on Audio
        2. 8.3.4.2 Traditional Class-D Modulation Scheme
        3. 8.3.4.3 TPA2010D1 Modulation Scheme
        4. 8.3.4.4 Efficiency: Use a Filter With the Traditional Class-D Modulation Scheme
        5. 8.3.4.5 Effects of Applying a Square Wave into a Speaker
        6. 8.3.4.6 When to Use an Output Filter
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 Summing Input Signals with the TPA2010D1
        1. 8.4.1.1 Summing Two Differential Inputs
        2. 8.4.1.2 Summing a Differential Input Signal and a Single-Ended Input Signal
        3. 8.4.1.3 TPA2010D1 Summing Two Single-Ended Inputs
      2. 8.4.2 Shutdown Mode
  9. 9 Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
    2. 9.2 Typical Applications
      1. 9.2.1 TPA200110D1 With Differential Input
        1. 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.1.2.1 Input Resistors (RI)
          2. 9.2.1.2.2 Decoupling Capacitor (CS)
        3. 9.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 9.2.2 TPA20010D1 With Differential Input and Input Capacitors
        1. 9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.2.2.1 Input Capacitors (CI)
        3. 9.2.2.3 Application Curves
      3. 9.2.3 TPA20010D1 with Single-Ended Input
        1. 9.2.3.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.3.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.3.3 Application Curves
  10. 10Power Supply Recommendations
    1. 10.1 Power Supply Decoupling Capacitors
  11. 11Layout
    1. 11.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 11.2 Board Layout
      1. 11.2.1 Component Location
      2. 11.2.2 Trace Width
    3. 11.3 Layout Example
  12. 12Device and Documentation Support
    1. 12.1 Device Support
      1. 12.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 12.2 Community Resources
    3. 12.3 Trademarks
    4. 12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 12.5 Glossary
  13. 13Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Package Options

Mechanical Data (Package|Pins)
Thermal pad, mechanical data (Package|Pins)
Orderable Information

9 Application and Implementation

NOTE

Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.

9.1 Application Information

These typical connection diagrams highlight the required external components and system level connections for proper operation of the device in several popular use cases. Each of these configurations can be created using the Evaluation Modules (EVMs) for the device. These flexible modules allow full evaluation of the device in the most common modes of operation. Any design variation can be supported by TI through schematic and layout reviews. Visit TI.com for design assistance and join the audio amplifier discussion forum for additional information.

9.2 Typical Applications

Figure 34 shows the TPA2010D1 typical schematic with differential inputs and Figure 38 shows the TPA2010D1 with differential inputs and input capacitors, and Figure 39 shows the TPA2010D1 with single-ended inputs. Differential inputs should be used whenever possible because the single-ended inputs are more susceptible to noise.

9.2.1 TPA200110D1 With Differential Input

Use the values listed in Table 1 as the design requirements. The TPA2010D1 can be used with differential input without input capacitors. This section describes the design considerations for this application.

TPA2010D1 ai_typ27_los417.gif Figure 34. TPA2010D1 with Differential Input

9.2.1.1 Design Requirements

Use the values listed in Table 1 as the design requirements.

Table 1. Design Requirements

PARAMETER EXAMPLE VALUE
Power supply 5 V
Shutdown input High > 2 V
Low < 0.8 V
Speaker 8 Ω

9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure

Table 2 lists the typical components values.

Table 2. Typical Component Values

REF DES VALUE EIA SIZE MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER
RI 150 kΩ (±0.5%) 0402 Panasonic ERJ2RHD154V
CS 1 µF (+22%, –80%) 0402 Murata GRP155F50J105Z
CI(1) 3.3 nF (±10%) 0201 Murata GRP033B10J332K
(1) CI is only needed for single-ended input or if VICM is not between 0.5 V and VDD – 0.8 V. CI = 3.3 nF (with RI = 150 kΩ) gives a high-pass corner frequency of 321 Hz.

9.2.1.2.1 Input Resistors (RI)

The input resistors (RI) set the gain of the amplifier according to Equation 19.

Equation 19. TPA2010D1 q1_gain_los417.gif

Resistor matching is very important in fully differential amplifiers. The balance of the output on the reference voltage depends on matched ratios of the resistors. CMRR, PSRR, and cancellation of the second harmonic distortion diminish if resistor mismatch occurs. Therefore, TI recommends to use 1% tolerance resistors or better to keep the performance optimized. Matching is more important than overall tolerance. Resistor arrays with 1% matching can be used with a tolerance greater than 1%.

Place the input resistors very close to the TPA2010D1 to limit noise injection on the high-impedance nodes.

For optimal performance, set the gain to 2 V/V or lower. Lower gain allows the TPA2010D1 to operate at its best, and keeps a high voltage at the input making the inputs less susceptible to noise.

9.2.1.2.2 Decoupling Capacitor (CS)

The TPA2010D1 is a high-performance class-D audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling to ensure the efficiency is high and total harmonic distortion (THD) is low. For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance (ESR) ceramic capacitor, typically
1 µF, placed as close as possible to the device VDD lead works best. Placing this decoupling capacitor close to the TPA2010D1 is very important for the efficiency of the class-D amplifier, because any resistance or inductance in the trace between the device and the capacitor can cause a loss in efficiency. For filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a 10 µF or greater capacitor placed near the audio power amplifier would also help, but it is not required in most applications because of the high PSRR of this device.

9.2.1.3 Application Curves

TPA2010D1 tc_out_los417.gif Figure 35. Output Power versus Load Resistance
TPA2010D1 tc_out2_los417.gif Figure 37. Output Power versus Load Resistance
TPA2010D1 tc_out1_los417.gif Figure 36. Output Power versus Load Resistance

9.2.2 TPA20010D1 With Differential Input and Input Capacitors

The TPA20010D1 supports differential input operation with input capacitors. This section describes the design considerations for this application.

TPA2010D1 ai_tpa28_los417.gif Figure 38. TPA2010D1 With Differential Input and Input Capacitors

9.2.2.1 Design Requirements

Refer to the Design Requirements section.

9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure

Refer to the Detailed Design Procedure section.

9.2.2.2.1 Input Capacitors (CI)

The TPA2010D1 does not require input coupling capacitors if the design uses a differential source that is biased from 0.5 V to VDD –0.8 V (shown in Figure 34). If the input signal is not biased within the recommended common-mode input range, if needing to use the input as a high pass filter (shown in Figure 38), or if using a single-ended source (shown in Figure 39), input coupling capacitors are required.

The input capacitors and input resistors form a high-pass filter with the corner frequency, fc, determined in Equation 20.

Equation 20. TPA2010D1 q2_fc_los417.gif

The value of the input capacitor is important to consider as it directly affects the bass (low frequency) performance of the circuit. Speakers in wireless phones cannot usually respond well to low frequencies, so the corner frequency can be set to block low frequencies in this application.

Equation 21 is reconfigured to solve for the input coupling capacitance.

Equation 21. TPA2010D1 q3_ci_los417.gif

If the corner frequency is within the audio band, the capacitors should have a tolerance of ±10% or better, because any mismatch in capacitance causes an impedance mismatch at the corner frequency and below.

For a flat low-frequency response, use large input coupling capacitors (1 µF). However, in a GSM phone the ground signal is fluctuating at 217 Hz, but the signal from the codec does not have the same 217 Hz fluctuation. The difference between the two signals is amplified, sent to the speaker, and heard as a 217 Hz hum.

9.2.2.3 Application Curves

Refer to the Application Curves section.

9.2.3 TPA20010D1 with Single-Ended Input

The TPA20010D1 can be used with Single-Ended inputs, using Input capacitors. This section describes the design considerations for this application.

TPA2010D1 ai_tpa29_los417.gif Figure 39. TPA2010D1 with Single-Ended Input

9.2.3.1 Design Requirements

Refer to the Design Requirements section.

9.2.3.2 Detailed Design Procedure

Refer to the Detailed Design Procedure section.

9.2.3.3 Application Curves

Refer to the Application Curves section.