SDAA479 August   2026 BQ25672 , BQ25790 , BQ25798

 

  1.   1
  2.   Abstract
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1Introduction
  5. 2Detailed Description
    1. 2.1 Inrush Current
    2. 2.2 Adding FET soft start with a capacitor
    3. 2.3 Test results for 5V USB-C input power source
  6. 3Summary
  7. 4References

Adding FET soft start with a capacitor

Slowing down the ACDRVx drive voltage by increasing the series resistance from ACDRVx to FET gate and/or adding a gate to source capacitor is one way to slow down a FET's turn on (i.e. soft start the FET). However, the BQ2579x family's 15ms FET detection algorithm can false trip without careful sizing of that resistor and capacitor. Another way to implement FET inrush control is to add more capacitance between the FET's gate and drain, CDG-ADD. Figure 2-2 shows the schematic for one of the BQ25798 input MUX FET pairs and the additional gate to drain capacitance CDG-ADD.

 BQ2579X MUX input schematic Figure 2-2 BQ2579X MUX input schematic

If CDG-ADD is at least an order of magnitude higher than the FET's inherent CDG, the inherent CDG (typically in the 1000pF range) can be ignored and FET turn on time is proportional to CGD-ADD charge time. The ACDRVx pin's output is essentially a current source with typical output current of IACDRV = 45uA. So, equation 1 above can be used to predict CDG-ADD charge time and VBUS turn on time.

The additional CDG-ADD must be sized

  1. Large enough to meet the desired inrush current spec, IIN-RUSH = (CVBUS+CPMID) * dVBUS/dt. Because the ACDRVx current source charges the CDG-ADD, the FET turn on time and therefore VBUS rise time can be estimated by the equation IACDRV = CDG-ADD(MIN) * VBUS/dt.
  2. Small enough to prevent a current pulse at initial power up, i.e. CDG-MAX = ICDG-VACi / (dVACi/dt) where dVACi/dt is the VACx voltage rise time (CH1 initial rise in Figure 2),
  3. Small enough that the FET turns fully on (i.e. has lowest RDSON from ACDRVx=VBUS+5V)
    1. Before the charger's converter starts, 200ms after VBUS is higher than UVLO (3.6V typical)
    2. So that the FET does not heat up enough to exceed the safe operating area (SOA).

Note that when a fully-on wall adapter is hot-plugged, VACx sees a voltage with very high slew rate (dVACi/dt) that causes an initial current pulse due to CDG-ADD. In this case, CDG-MAX computes too small to minimize the MUX FET inrush current. Adding a small series resistor (10W) reduces ICDG-VACi. If the additional series resistance does not reduce ICDG-VACi enough, the only choice for soft starting the MUX input FET is to use additional CDG capacitance and higher series resistor between ACDRVx and NFET gate.

Luckily, most recent battery-powered end equipment use USB-C port for power. USB-C ports regulate the output voltage slew rate to 30mV/us. In general, CDG-ADD works for end equipment powered by USB-C ports and other slow turn on power sources.