TIDUFD2A May   2025  – October 2026

 

  1.   1
  2.   Description
  3.   Resources
  4.   Features
  5.   Applications
  6.   6
  7. 1System Description
    1. 1.1 Terminology
    2. 1.2 Key System Specifications
  8. 2System Overview
    1. 2.1 Block Diagram
    2. 2.2 Design Considerations
      1. 2.2.1 Input Capacitors Selection
      2. 2.2.2 DC Side
      3. 2.2.3 AC Side
    3. 2.3 Highlighted Products
      1. 2.3.1 TMDSCNCD28P55X - controlCARD Evaluation Module
        1. 2.3.1.1 Hardware Features
        2. 2.3.1.2 Software Features
      2. 2.3.2 LMG2104R022
      3. 2.3.3 AMC3302
      4. 2.3.4 UCC21550A
      5. 2.3.5 TMCS1133 - Precision 1MHz Hall-Effect Current Sensor With Reinforced Isolation
      6. 2.3.6 INA185 - 26V, 350kHz, Bidirectional, High-Precision Current Sense Amplifier
      7. 2.3.7 LM5164 – 100V Input, 1A Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter With Ultra-Low IQ
      8. 2.3.8 UCC34141-Q1
  9. 3System Design Theory
    1. 3.1 Isolation for Solar Inverters
    2. 3.2 Topology Overview
    3. 3.3 Control Theory
      1. 3.3.1 Single and Extended Phase Shift Modulation Technique
      2. 3.3.2 Zero Voltage Switching and Circulating Current
      3. 3.3.3 Optimized Control Method
      4. 3.3.4 Dead-Time Compensation
      5. 3.3.5 Frequency Modulation
      6. 3.3.6 Controller Block Diagram
    4. 3.4 MPPT and Input Voltage Ripple
  10. 4Hardware, Testing Requirements, and Test Results
    1. 4.1 Hardware Requirements
    2. 4.2 Software Requirements
    3. 4.3 Test Setup
      1. 4.3.1 Board Check
      2. 4.3.2 DC-DC Tests
      3. 4.3.3 DC-AC Tests
      4. 4.3.4 AC-DC Tests
      5. 4.3.5 DC-AC Offgrid Tests
    4. 4.4 Test Results
      1. 4.4.1 Efficiency and iTHD
      2. 4.4.2 Operating Waveforms for Various Loads
  11. 5Design and Documentation Support
    1. 5.1 Design Files
      1. 5.1.1 Schematics
      2. 5.1.2 BOM
    2. 5.2 Tools and Software
    3. 5.3 Documentation Support
    4. 5.4 Support Resources
    5. 5.5 Trademarks
  12. 6About the Author
  13. 7Revision History

1 System Description

Energy sustainability and security are accelerating the demands for renewable energy like solar and energy storage systems. In residential use cases, micro inverters present a good trade-off in terms of cost and efficiency together with a simple end-user installation. Conversely, the energy storage system becomes a challenge in existing micro inverters due to the lack of a bidirectional converter in this end-equipment.

This reference design is intended to show an implementation of a single-stage bidirectional microinverter. The dimensions of the board are 235mm × 100mm × 32mm, thus leading to the calculated power density of 798 W/L.