SNVSAA7B December   2015  – July 2021 LM53625-Q1 , LM53635-Q1

PRODUCTION DATA  

  1. Features
  2. Applications
  3. Description
  4. Revision History
  5. Device Comparison
  6. Pin Configuration and Functions
  7. Specifications
    1. 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 7.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 7.4 Thermal Information
    5. 7.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 7.6 System Characteristics
    7. 7.7 Timing Characteristics
    8. 7.8 Typical Characteristics
  8. Detailed Description
    1. 8.1 Overview
    2. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram
      1. 8.2.1 Control Scheme
    3. 8.3 Feature Description
      1. 8.3.1 RESET Flag Output
      2. 8.3.2 Enable and Start-Up
      3. 8.3.3 Soft-Start Function
      4. 8.3.4 Current Limit
      5. 8.3.5 Hiccup Mode
      6. 8.3.6 Synchronizing Input
      7. 8.3.7 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) and Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
      8. 8.3.8 Input Supply Current
    4. 8.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 8.4.1 AUTO Mode
      2. 8.4.2 FPWM Mode
      3. 8.4.3 Dropout
      4. 8.4.4 Input Voltage Frequency Foldback
    5. 8.5 Spread-Spectrum Operation
  9. Application and Implementation
    1. 9.1 Application Information
    2. 9.2 Typical Applications
      1. 9.2.1 General Application
        1. 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
          1. 9.2.1.2.1 External Components Selection
            1. 9.2.1.2.1.1 Input Capacitors
              1. 9.2.1.2.1.1.1 Input Capacitor Selection
            2. 9.2.1.2.1.2 Output Inductors and Capacitors Selection
              1. 9.2.1.2.1.2.1 Inductor Selection
              2. 9.2.1.2.1.2.2 Output Capacitor Selection
          2. 9.2.1.2.2 Setting the Output Voltage
            1. 9.2.1.2.2.1 FB for Adjustable Versions
          3. 9.2.1.2.3 VCC
          4. 9.2.1.2.4 BIAS
          5. 9.2.1.2.5 CBOOT
          6. 9.2.1.2.6 Maximum Ambient Temperature
        3. 9.2.1.3 Application Curves
      2. 9.2.2 Fixed 5-V Output for USB-Type Applications
        1. 9.2.2.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.2.3 Application Curves
      3. 9.2.3 Fixed 3.3-V Output
        1. 9.2.3.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.3.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.3.3 Application Curves
      4. 9.2.4 Adjustable Output
        1. 9.2.4.1 Design Requirements
        2. 9.2.4.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        3. 9.2.4.3 Application Curves
    3. 9.3 What to Do and What Not to Do
  10. 10Power Supply Recommendations
  11. 11Layout
    1. 11.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 11.2 Layout Example
  12. 12Device and Documentation Support
    1. 12.1 Device Support
      1. 12.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 12.2 Documentation Support
      1. 12.2.1 Related Documentation
    3. 12.3 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
    4. 12.4 Support Resources
    5. 12.5 Trademarks
    6. 12.6 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    7. 12.7 Glossary
  13. 13Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

Layout Guidelines

The PCB layout of a DC-DC converter is critical for optimal performance of the application. For a buck converter the input loop formed by the input capacitors and power grounds are very critical. The input loop carries fast transient currents that cause larger transient voltages when reacting with a parasitic loop inductance. The IC uses two input loops in parallel IN1 and IN2 as shown in Figure 11-1 that cuts the parasitic input inductance in half. To get the minimum input loop area two small high frequency capacitors CIN1 and CIN2 are placed as close as possible.

To further reduce inductance, an input current return path should be placed underneath the loops IN1 and IN2. The closest metal plane is MID1 Layer2, and with a solid copper plane placed right under the IN1 and IN2 loop the parasitic loop inductance is minimized. Connecting this MID1 Layer2 plane then to GND will provide a nice bridge connection between GND1 and GND2 as well. Minimizing the parasitic input loop inductance will minimize switch node ringing and EMI.

The output current loop can be optimized as well by using two ceramic output caps COUT1 and COUT2 to each side. They will form two parallel ground return paths OUT1 from COUT1 back to the low side FET PGND1 pins 5,6,7,8 and a second symmetric ground return path OUT2 from COUT2 back to low side FET PGND2 pins 10,11,12 and 13. Having two parallel ground return path will yield into reduced “ground bouncing” and reduced sensitivity of surrounding circuits sensitive to it.

GUID-489C4A81-B217-4353-9323-FD95D7F69BB4-low.pngFigure 11-1 Layout of the Power Components and Current Flow

Providing adequate thermal paths to dissipate heat is critical for operation at full current. The recommended method for heat dissipation is to use large solid 2 oz copper planes well connected to the power pins VIN1, VIN2, GND1 and GND2 which transfer the heat out of the IC over the TOP Layer1 copper planes. It is important to leave the TOP Layer1 copper planes as unbroken as much as possible so that heat is not trapped near the IC. The heat flow can be further optimized by thermally connecting the TOP Layer 1 plane to large BOTTOM Layer4 2oz. copper planes with vias. MID2 Layer3 is then open for all other signal routing. A fully filled / solid BOTTOM Layer4 ground plane without any interruptions or ground splitting is beneficial for EMI as well. Most important for low EMI is to use the smallest possible switch node copper area. The switch node including the CBOOT cap has the largest dv/dt signal causing common mode noise coupling. Using any kind of grounded shield around the switch node will “shorten” and reduce this e-field.

All these DC/DC converter descriptions can be transformed into layout guidelines:

  1. Place two 0.047-µF / 50-V high frequency input capacitors CIN1 and CIN2 as close as possible to the VIN1/2 and PGND1/2 pins to minimize switch node ringing.
  2. Place bypass capacitors for VCC and BIAS close to their respective pins. Make sure AGND pin “sees” the CVCC and CBIAS capacitors first before connecting it to GND.
  3. Place CBOOT capacitor with smallest parasitic loop. Shielding the CBOOT capacitor and switch node will have biggest impact to reduce common mode noise. Placing a small RBOOT resistor (less than 3 Ω is recommended) in series to CBOOT will slow down the dV/dt of the switch node and reduce EMI.
  4. Place the feedback resistor divider for adjustable parts as close as possible to the FB pin and to AGND pin of the device. Use dedicated feedback trace and away from switch node and CBOOT capacitor to avoid any cross coupling into sensitive analog feedback.
  5. Use dedicated BIAS trace to avoid noise into feedback trace.
  6. Use a 3-Ω to 5-Ω resistor between the output and BIAS if the load is far from the output of the converter or inductive shorts on the output are possible.
  7. Use well connected large 2-oz. TOP and BOTTOM copper planes for all power pins VIN1/2 and PGND1/2.
  8. Minimize switch node and CBOOT area for lowest EMI common mode noise.
  9. For lowest EMI place input and output wires on same side of PCB, using EMI filter and away from switch node.
  10. The resources in Section 12 provide additional important guidelines.