(1) This CQFP package has built-in vias that electrically and thermally connect the bottom of the die to a pad on the bottom of the package. To efficiently remove heat and provide a low-impedance ground path, a thermal land is required on the surface of the PCB directly underneath the body of the package. During normal surface mount flow solder operations, the heat pad on the underside of the package is soldered to this thermal land creating an efficient thermal path. Normally, the PCB thermal land has a number of thermal vias within it that provide a thermal path to internal copper areas (or to the opposite side of the PCB) that provide for more efficient heat removal. TI typically recommends an 11.9mm² board-mount thermal pad. This allows maximum area for thermal dissipation, while keeping leads away from the pad area to prevent solder bridging. A sufficient quantity of thermal/electrical vias must be included to keep the device within recommended operating conditions. This pad must be electrically at ground potential.