SNAA427 October   2025 HDC3020

 

  1.   1
  2.   Abstract
  3.   Trademarks
  4. 1Introduction: Why RH Sensors Appear Out-of-Spec
    1. 1.1 Where and When do RH Errors Occur?
    2. 1.2 What are the Root Causes of RH Errors?
    3. 1.3 Case Studies
  5. 2Definitions: Key Terms for RH Accuracy
  6. 3Initial Troubleshooting Steps
    1. 3.1 Initial Verification Steps
    2. 3.2 Diagnostic Questions
  7. 4Common Sources of RH Error - Prevention and Mitigation
    1. 4.1 PCB and Enclosure Design Considerations
      1. 4.1.1 PCB Thermal Transfer to RH Sensor
      2. 4.1.2 Power Supply Noise and Analog RH Sensors
      3. 4.1.3 Enclosure Design & Airflow Considerations
    2. 4.2 Assembly, Soldering, and Manufacturing Processes
      1. 4.2.1 Assembly Instructions: What to Avoid
      2. 4.2.2 Assembly Instructions: Best Practices
      3. 4.2.3 Sensor Cavity Protection During Assembly
    3. 4.3 Rehydration Post-Assembly
      1. 4.3.1 Recovering Sensor Accuracy Post-Soldering
      2. 4.3.2 Rehydration Procedure
    4. 4.4 Test Setup and Environment
      1. 4.4.1 RH References
      2. 4.4.2 Setup Uniformity: Controlled Environment
      3. 4.4.3 Setup Uniformity: Thermal Gradients
      4. 4.4.4 Settling Time
    5. 4.5 Storage and Handling
      1. 4.5.1 Storage Temperature and Humidity Conditions
      2. 4.5.2 Storage Materials
      3. 4.5.3 How Does MSL Level Relate to RH Sensors?
      4. 4.5.4 Handling Best Practices
    6. 4.6 Chemical Contamination
      1. 4.6.1 How Chemical Contamination Affects RH Accuracy
      2. 4.6.2 Where and How are Chemical Contaminants Introduced?
      3. 4.6.3 Mitigating Effects of Chemical Contamination: Bake
      4. 4.6.4 Mitigating Effects of Chemical Contamination: Cleaning
      5. 4.6.5 Mitigating Effects of Chemical Contamination: Enclosure Design
      6. 4.6.6 Mitigating Effects of Chemical Contamination: Device Selection
      7. 4.6.7 Mitigating Effects of Chemical Contamination: Assembly Considerations
    7. 4.7 Operating Conditions: Application Environment Conditions and Effects
      1. 4.7.1 Environmental Conditions That Contribute to RH Accuracy Errors
      2. 4.7.2 RH Offset Mitigation & System-Level Design
      3. 4.7.3 Using the Integrated Heater
    8. 4.8 RH Accuracy Debugging Flowchart
  8. 5Summary: Designing for and Debugging RH Accuracy
  9. 6References
  10. 7Appendix
    1. 7.1 Case Study 1: Humidity-Induced Positive RH Offset
    2. 7.2 Case Study 2: Gradual RH Accuracy Drift in 100%RH Environment
    3. 7.3 Case Study 3: Combined Factors from Assembly & Thermal Effects

Assembly Instructions: Best Practices

To ensure proper handling during assembly, follow the detailed guidelines in the device datasheet and silicon user’s guide. Key recommendations include:

  • Assembly Sequence

    • Mount the RH sensor as the final step in the assembly process.

  • Reflow Soldering:

    • Always follow the IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 standard profile with peak temperatures at 260°C.

    • Limit to one reflow pass and avoid rework.

  • A-B-A Swap Exception:

    • If rework is necessary (e.g., for diagnostic purposes), follow these precautions:

      • Minimize handling.

      • Use a heat gun to remove the sensor cleanly, without additional flux.

      • Perform rehydration post-removal, as the sensor may have been exposed to drying heat.

  • Solder Paste and Cleaning:

    • Use no-clean solder paste. Do not clean boards post-assembly.

    • If cleaning is necessary, use distilled water only.

    • Verify that all materials used are free of harmful chemicals (consult MSDS documentation).

    • Example: Kester R276 is a recommended no-clean solder paste shown to be compatible with TI RH sensors.

  • Chemical Exposure Avoidance:

    • Avoid materials that emit VOCs during baking or curing.

    • Examples of contaminants include: PCB wash chemicals, adhesives, epoxies, some conformal coatings, and outgassing byproducts.

  • UV Light Avoidance:

    • Avoid exposing the RH sensor to UV light. UV light can damage the sensing polymer and introduce irreversible RH errors.

  • Mechanical Protection:

    • Do not subject the sensor to high-pressure air blasts or ultrasonic cleaning.

    • Use low-pressure, oil-free dusting if needed.

  • Conformal Coating:

    • Must not be applied directly on the sensor cavity, doing so will prevent ambient RH measurements

      • Ensure the cavity is protected during curing. Make sure to choose an conformal coating that does not outgas during or after curing to reduce the risk of gaseous chemical contamination of the RH sensor.