To verify good signaling performance,
the following general board design guidelines must be followed:
- Always follow the TI example layouts and EVM
designs as close as possible. If concepts or routing strategies are not
understood, then ask questions on E2E.
- All signals need ground reference (strongly suggest on both
sides).
- Avoid crossing plane splits in the signal reference
planes.
- Use the widest trace that is practical between decoupling capacitors and supply
pin.
- Minimize inter-symbol interference (ISI) by keeping impedance matched.
- Minimize crosstalk by isolating sensitive signals, such as
strobes and clocks, and by using a proper PCB stack-up.
- Avoid return path discontinuities by adding vias or capacitors whenever signals
change layers and reference planes.
- Minimize reference voltage noise through proper isolation and proper use of
decoupling capacitors.
- Keep the signal routing stub lengths as short as possible.
- Add additional spacing for clock and strobe nets to minimize
crosstalk.
- Maintain a common ground (also called GND) reference for all signals and for
all bypass and decoupling capacitors.
- Consider the differences in propagation delays between
microstrip and stripline nets when evaluating timing constraints.
- via-to-via coupling can be significant part of PCB-level crosstalk. Dimension
and pitch of vias is important. For high speed interfaces, consider GND
shielding vias. This via coupling is one factor for recommending data signals be
routed on layers closest to processor.
- via stubs affect signal integrity. via back-drilling can improve signal
integrity, and is required in some instances.
For more information, see the High-Speed Interface Layout Guidelines application note. This
provides additional general guidance for successful routing of high-speed
signals.