SLYY228 November   2024

 

  1.   1
  2.   Introduction
  3.   Basics of USB Type-C®
    1.     Abstract
    2.     USB-C data speeds and power levels
    3.     Data and power roles
    4.     USB-C pinout and reversibility
    5.     USB-C cable detection and orientation
    6.     When do you need a USB PD controller?
  4.   History of USB Type-C®
    1.     Abstract
    2.     USB connector basics
    3.     USB and USB PD protocol history
    4.     USB-C vs. USB PD
    5.     Evolution of the USB PD 3.1 specification
  5.   Introduction and Overview of the USB Type-C® and USB PD Specifications
    1.     Abstract
    2.     USB-C connections
    3.     VCONN and messaging types
    4.     Negotiating USB PD power over CC wires
    5.     Data-role swaps
    6.     Power-role swaps
    7.     Introduction to USB PD alternate mode
    8.     Introduction to EPR
  6.   USB signals over USB Type-C®
    1.     Introduction
    2.     USB 2.0 Signaling Over Type-C
    3.     Low speed and full speed
    4.     High speed
    5.     Low-, full- and high-speed data rates
    6.     USB 2.0 signal integrity
    7.     SuperSpeed Signaling over USB-C
    8.     SuperSpeed startup speed negotiation
    9.     SuperSpeed signal integrity challenges
  7.   Signal Multiplexing for USB Type-C®
    1.     USB-C USB 2.0
    2.     USB-C USB 3
    3.     USB PD DisplayPort™ alternate mode multiplexing
    4.     DisplayPort source device (DFP_D) pin assignment C
    5.     DisplayPort source device (DFP_D) pin assignment D
    6.     DisplayPort source device (DFP_D) pin assignment E
    7.     DisplayPort sink device (UFP_D) pin assignment C
    8.     DisplayPort sink device (UFP_D) pin assignment D
    9.     DisplayPort sink device (UFP_D) pin assignment E
  8.   USB4
    1.     USB4 Overview
    2.     USB4 discover and entry process
    3.     USB4 System
    4.     Sideband Communication
    5.     USB4 lanes and data rates
    6.     Loss Budget
    7.     Supporting DisplayPort Alternate Mode and USB4 over SBU1 and SBU2
  9.   Introduction to eUSB2
    1.     Abstract
    2.     eUSB2 overview
    3.     eUSB2 modes
    4.     Other features
  10.   Extended Power Range (EPR)
    1.     Abstract
    2.     What is EPR?
    3.     Technical specifications
    4.     Safety implications >100W
    5.     Handling power negotiation with TI’s PD controllers
    6.     Conclusion
  11.   USB Type-C® and USB power delivery common use cases and block diagrams
    1.     5V USB-C source-only port (no USB PD)
    2.     Basic functional blocks
    3.     5V USB-C source-only port with USB 3.0 data (no USB PD)
    4.     5V USB-C sink-only port (no USB PD)
    5.     5V USB-C DRP (no USB PD)
    6.     20V USB-C source-only port with USB PD
    7.     20V USB-C sink-only port with USB PD
    8.     5V source, 20V sink USB-C port with USB PD and DisplayPort™ Alternate Mode
    9.     20V USB-C DRP with USB PD and a battery charger
  12.   End equipment-specific block diagrams
    1.     Abstract
    2.     Laptops and industrial PCs
    3.     Docking station
    4.     Bluetooth® speaker
    5.     Wi-Fi® routers and smart speakers
    6.     Power tools
  13.   Benefits of a TI PD Controller
    1.     Abstract
    2.     TI solutions to common design challenges
      1.      TI offers highly integrated solution
      2.      TI offers simple configuration tool
      3.      TI products are rigorously validated and USB-IF certified
    3.     Other benefits of using TI PD controllers
      1.      TI offers complete reference design
      2.      TI offers great customer support
      3.      Conclusion

USB-C vs. USB PD

Fundamentally, USB-C refers directly to the connector hardware used to plug in the system, whereas USB PD refers to the protocol. On the USB-C side, it is the latest USB interface that combines power, video and data transfer. Cosmetically, USB-C is smaller than the USB Type-A connector and allows for reversibility in its connection. Because of its enhanced feature set, a single USB-C connector can replace multiple connectors of an existing device in a system.

By default, the USB-C connector works on a 5V and 3A power domain and can be used as such in applications that do not require higher power. However, the USB-C connector enables the use of the USB PD protocol, which can provide as much as twice the power of the USB Battery Charging 1.2 specification, up to 100W (20V and 5A). USB PD supports high-bandwidth video and data rates through alternate modes such as DisplayPort or Thunderbolt over the USB-C cable. Figure 9 shows all of the different power modes and the sequence in which they are implemented.

Priority of power modes Figure 9 Priority of power modes

The USB-IF specification describes the USB PD protocol in detail, including the steps required for a system to enter into a USB PD contract. At a glance, it is possible for a USB PD controller to execute these steps, while there are separate instructions based on whether the port is a source or a sink. The source would first advertise its power capabilities through some number of desired power delivery objects (PDOs) and the sink would request one of them. The source would need to accept this request, and the sink would need to acknowledge, in order to enter the USB PD contract. Figure 10 shows this negotiation sequence.

USB PD power negotiation sequence Figure 10 USB PD power negotiation sequence

Here are some reasons why it makes sense to use a USB PD controller to enable USB-PD:

  • Higher voltages – up to 20V – while 5V, 9V, 15V also satisfy most customer needs. (The latest USB PD specification includes 28V, 36V and 48V.)
  • Up to 100W power over a USB cable (240W if including EPR in the latest USB PD specification).
  • The port that provides power is negotiable: the downward-facing port can be the provider or consumer, while the upward-facing port can also be the provider or consumer.
  • Efficient power management across multiple peripherals.
  • The downward-facing port has a cold socket to conserve power.
  • Coexistence with legacy USB products.
  • Enabled Alternate Mode.